At present, most of the practical glass belongs to the soda-lime-silica-based glass, such as: bottle glass, vessel glass, thermos bottle glass, etc. In order to further improve the performance of the glass, Al2O3, B2O3 can be added on the basis of the soda-lime-silicon composition. The "boron-aluminum anomaly" phenomenon occurs in the glass. When Na2O/B2O3=1, the free oxygen provided by Na2O creates the conditions for the formation of a uniform glass skeleton from the boron oxydopoid (BO2) to B2O3 and SiO2. The refractive index, density, hardness, chemical stability, etc. are maximized, and the coefficient of thermal expansion appears as a minimum, while the conductance, dielectric loss, and surface tension do not exhibit boron anomalies. Second: The coefficient of expansion of the glass can be reduced, and the smaller the expansion coefficient, the stronger the heat-resistant and rapid-change performance of the glass bottle and the better the thermal stability. In a glass bottle with a small expansion coefficient, the phenomenon of bursting will be greatly reduced when the temperature changes greatly during use. For example, there is a large temperature difference between indoor and outdoor areas in the north. Therefore, the bursting of beverage bottles and milk bottles containing boron will be greatly reduced. Fourth: It can improve the mechanical strength and toughness of glass, and enhance the impact strength of glass bottles. The glass bottles can withstand collisions with each other and foreign objects during production, transportation, use, etc., and greatly reduce damage.
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B2O3 is an important component in practical glass. It can not only generate glass independently, but also improve a series of properties of the glass. At high temperatures, the presence of boron oxydride reduces the viscosity of the glass and facilitates dissolution and clarification. At low temperatures, B3+ can capture free oxygen to form a boron oxygen tetrahedron, which tends to make the structure closer and the strength of the product to be improved. This is particularly important for glass products that are recycled for many times.
Most of the manufacturers who manufacture bottles and canons are no longer involved in B2O3. The main reason is that the price of borax is too high, and there are many manufacturers of cans and products, and the competition is fierce. The selling price cannot go up, so that bottle manufacturers can only use cost-saving methods. For low-priced raw materials, most manufacturers only introduce SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and R2O (potassium oxide or sodium oxide) and rarely use B2O3, even though trace amounts of B2O3 are also introduced into the purchased cullet.
Glass products themselves are brittle materials, their chemical stability and other properties are related to glass composition, but also related to molding methods, thermal history and product shape, size, wall thickness uniformity and other factors, thus, in the production process, Should also be strictly controlled, from the wall thickness uniformity should be considered as far as possible the use of pressure blowing method of production.
In summary, the advantages of boron-containing glass bottles in the actual use are mainly reflected in the following points:
First: It can increase the chemical stability of glass bottles and can effectively resist the erosion of alkaline substances and acidic substances. After the glass bottle containing no boron is frequently soaked with lye and other substances, the inside and outside walls of the glass will have oozing out. After a long time, the glass surface will be not shiny and has a feeling of “hairinessâ€, which greatly shortens the service life. . Due to the special needs of the health of milk bottle foods and the high repetitive use of bottle washing, the general use frequency will reach (50-70 times). Therefore, the service life of the boron-containing milk bottle is significantly prolonged. Bottle hairiness will be greatly reduced.
Third: can increase the refractive index of glass, improve the gloss of glass bottles, make the appearance of glass bottles more bright, thorough, improve the grade of glass bottles.
This machine is used for punching,binding and riveting the eyelets on the papers in one operation with the eyelets feeding automatically in high efficiency.Once riveted, the eyelets will not easily broken off and are looking nice and smooth on the products without any scratches.
The eyelet machines are widely used for paper bags, paper boxes, cartons, archive bags, document bags, secret documents, files, certificates, cards, hangtags,box seal and so on.
Features,
1.The machine can automatically punch or continuously punch and rivet eyelets.
The punching and eyeletting can be finsished in one operation.
2.adjust hole distance freely according to the requirement.
3.The riveted shoes holes are are neat, beautiful and ametabolic with no scratches.
4.Easy operation and reliable performance.
5.The efficiency is 8-15 times than manual operation.
Analysis of B2O3's important role in glass bottles