Huazhong Agricultural University discovers that the maize plant height gene ZmGA3ox2

The research team led by Professor Zhang Zuxin and Professor Zheng Yonglian of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement at Huazhong Agricultural University published the latest research results "ZmGA3ox2, a candidate gene for a major QTL, qPH3.1" in The Plant Journal , for plant height in maize ", found the candidate gene ZmGA3ox2 of quantitative trait locus (Quantitative Trait Locus, QTL) qPH3.1 which determines the plant height of maize. The doctoral student Teng Feng of the school is the first author of the article, and Professor Zhang Zuxin is the corresponding author.

In the past century, corn production per unit area has increased significantly, thanks to the increase in planting density. However, high-density planting poses a risk of lodging, resulting in loss of corn production. To avoid lodging, an effective breeding strategy is to breed corn varieties with a moderately reduced plant height. Among the traits related to corn yield, plant height (PHT) is one of the most important traits, which is frequently selected in crop domestication and modern breeding. Therefore, the identification and cloning of maize PHT-related genes are of great significance for analyzing the genetic basis of maize PHT and guiding the genetic improvement of maize.

In this study, Professor Zhang's team used linkage mapping and chromosomal fragment replacement mapping to map QTLs related to maize PHT, qPH3.1, to make detailed mappings. QTL mapping positioned qPH3.1 within the 4.0 cM interval, which already explained 32.3% of the phenotypic differences. Further research shortened the distance to 12.6 kb. At the same time, the researchers cloned the candidate gene ZmGA3ox2 of qPH3.1. ZmGA3ox2 is a homologous gene of rice OsGA3ox2 (OsGA3ox2 can control the elongation of internode cells in the vegetative period of rice) and encodes GA3 βChydroxylase. Using association mapping, the researchers identified two polymorphisms on ZmGA3ox2 that are closely related to PHT. Further analysis revealed that the deletion of the ZmGA3ox2 coding region sequence is closely related to the occurrence of the dwarf mutant d1-6016.

This study fine-tuned qPH3.1, enriched the genetic basis of maize plant height, and provided guidance for the improvement of maize breeding plant types in the future.

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