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Serum composition and identification method
Serum components and identification methods Main components: Serum is a very complex mixture formed by removing fibrin from plasma. Although most of its components are known, some are still unclear, and the composition and content of serum often follow the blood supply The sex, age, physiological conditions and nutritional conditions of animals vary. Serum contains various plasma proteins, peptides, fats, carbohydrates, growth factors, hormones, inorganic substances, etc. These substances are physiologically balanced to promote cell growth or inhibit growth activity. Although great progress has been made in the study of the composition and function of serum, there are still some problems. Mainly: First: The composition of serum may be as many as hundreds of kinds, and its accurate composition, content and mechanism of action are still unclear, especially for some of these peptide growth factors, hormones and lipids. Recognize that this brings a lot of difficulties to the research work; second: the serum is produced in batches, the difference between the batches is very large, and the serum storage period is at most one year, so it is extremely difficult to ensure the similarity of each batch of serum The standardization and continuity of the experiment are restricted; third: it cannot be ruled out that the serum contains volatile substances, which is considered to be one of the reasons for "deterioration in the bottle". Identification method: light yellow transparent liquid precipitated by blood coagulation. If the blood is drawn from the blood vessel and placed in a test tube without the addition of anticoagulants, the coagulation reaction is activated and the blood coagulates quickly, forming a jelly. The clot contracts, and the light yellow transparent liquid deposited around it is the serum, which can also be obtained by centrifugation after clotting. During coagulation, fibrinogen is converted into fibrin blocks, so there is no fibrinogen in serum, which is the biggest difference from plasma. In the coagulation reaction, platelets release many substances, and various coagulation factors have also changed. These components remain in the serum and continue to change, such as prothrombin into thrombin, and gradually decrease or disappear with the storage time of the serum. These are also different from plasma. However, a large number of substances that do not participate in the coagulation reaction are basically the same as plasma. In order to avoid the interference of anticoagulants, many chemical components in the blood are analyzed using serum as a sample. Plasma is the liquid component of blood, with blood cells suspended in it. The human body contains 2750-3300 ml of plasma, which accounts for about 55% of the total volume of blood. The vast majority of plasma is water (90% by volume), and the dissolved substances are mainly plasma proteins, including glucose, inorganic salt ions, hormones, and carbon dioxide. The main function of plasma is to carry blood cells, and it is also the main medium for transporting secreted products. The fresh blood is centrifuged to settle the blood cells, and the upper yellowish clear liquid is the plasma. The difference between plasma and serum is that serum does not contain coagulation factors such as fibrinogen.