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The most commonly used rain test standard for domestically produced vehicles
Water leakage in a vehicle occurs when water enters from the outside through gaps or seams in the body structure. To evaluate the sealing performance against rain, manufacturers simulate rainfall conditions in controlled environments. In China, most vehicles are tested according to the GB/T 12480-1990 standard for passenger car rainproof sealing tests and the QC/T 476-1999 standard for rainproof sealing limits. These standards have since been updated into the revised QC/T 476-2007, which includes both the requirements and testing methods.
According to GB/T 12480-1990, the rainfall intensity in the test chamber is typically set between 4 to 10 mm/min, with nozzle pressure ranging from 69 to 147 kPa, and the test duration is 15 minutes. However, in practice, OEMs often increase the intensity to better assess the sealing performance of the entire vehicle. This is done by increasing the number of nozzles or raising the spray pressure. As a result, the actual rainfall intensity in the test room can be significantly higher than the recommended levels—sometimes exceeding 100 mm/min. Nozzle pressures may even go beyond 200 kPa, causing the water to be atomized and sprayed more forcefully onto the vehicle body.
At different stages of vehicle production, OEMs apply varying testing protocols. During the trial production phase, when the manufacturing process and equipment settings are still being refined, longer rain tests (between 4 to 8 hours) are conducted to identify potential leak points. Once identified, engineers analyze the root causes and make necessary design or process improvements. By the time the vehicle moves into mass production, most design and process issues are already resolved. At this stage, routine rain tests are performed to ensure that any sealing problems caused by assembly inconsistencies are detected early.