The History of Tiananmen Square To trace the history of Tiananmen, we cannot but mention the history and evolution of Beijing, the ancient capital. Tiananmen, like every ancient city in Beijing, has no deep imprint on the long river of history. In Beijing, Tang is Youzhou, Liao is Yanjing, Jindai is the Capital City, the Yuan Dynasty was renamed Dadu, and Ming and Qing are called Beijing. In the history of civilization in China for thousands of years, there were successively Yan, Qianyan, Dayan, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Beijing was the capital city. Every dynasty built a large-scale civil engineering project in Beijing and built distinctive ancient buildings. The earliest indirect influence on Tiananmen architecture was Yuan Dynasty. In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty, Khan Khan was khan who was located in Kaiping Prefecture (now East of Zhenglan County, Inner Mongolia). In 1264 AD, Yuan Shizhu ordered Yanjing as the capital, and in the 9th year of the Yuan Dynasty, it was mostly the capital. Yuan Dadu was built from 1267 and was completed in 1285. It lasted 18 years. Yuan Da gave up the site of the former capital of Jin Dynasty (the area east of the lotus pond in the southwest of Beijing today), which caused Beijing City to move home once. This is a very regular city with a slightly rectangular Metropolis. The south wall is located on the south side of Chang'an Avenue, and the north wall is near the north Third Ring Road, north of Deshengmen Gate and Anding Gate. Now there are still intermittent mounds, known as Tuchengzi, which is the earliest North Wall in the Yuan Dynasty. The Metropolitan City is the Miyagi, Imperial City and Ayutthaya from the inside out. Ayutthaya has a circumference of 60 miles and 11 gates. The three gates to the south: the center is Lizhengmeng (now Zhengyangmen), the east is the Civilization Gate, and the west is the Shuncheng Gate; the east is south and north is the Qihuamen, Chongrenmen, Guangximen; the west is from south to north There are only two gates in the north, Anzhen Gate, and Deshengmen in the west. The south gate of the imperial city is called the Lingxingmen Gate and is located along the gate of this gate. There is a "T"-shaped palace square between Lingxingmen and Lizhenmen. Later, the court squares of the Ming and Qing dynasties basically used their former sites and were built in the middle. Tiananmen Square. Yuandu City Wall has four corners and there are piers outside the city. Palaces are in front of the city. After the city of Fang, 50 neighborhoods are dotted. At that time, a famous Italian traveler named Marco Polo came to China to see the “Great City of the Great Khanâ€, the grand palace of the capital, and the beautiful flower garden. He greatly admired: “The city is So beautiful, so cleverly arranged, we couldn't describe her.†He later wrote “Marco Polo's Travels.†Because of the description of the Metropolis, the ancient city spread and became famous around the world. Although the Yuan Dynasty did not build Tiananmen, it chose another site for the new building and the positioning of the Forbidden City and the Palace Square. This made it possible to establish the Tiananmen Square in the Ming Dynasty. In the year 1368 (Ming Hongwu), the rule of the Yuan Dynasty was overthrown. The Ming dynasty emperor Zhu Yuanzhang was the emperor in Nanjing and established the Ming Dynasty. At the same time, Ming Da Xuan led the army to capture the capital and renamed Peking. At this time, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty carried out devastating damage to the capital, especially the removal of the Imperial Palace, the essence of the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, to eliminate the “king†of the former dynasty, resulting in the Jinpu Zhuhu and Dan. The Yuangong City, which was painted and brilliant, was completely absent. In 1398 AD, Zhu Yuanzhang died and his Sun Jianwen emperor succeeded. At this time, there was a battle for the throne within the Ming Dynasty's ruling clique. Zhu Yuanzhang, the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, and Zhu Xi, the king of Yan, rose to the Peiping, won the throne, entered the throne of the emperor, changed from Yan Wang to Ming Chengzu, and renamed Peking as Beijing in the first month of the Yongle reign (AD 1403), temporarily saying “walk inâ€. (When the emperor was outside, he had all the time). The first major event after the Ming Dynasty ancestor Zhu Xi was in place was the decision to relocate the capital from Nanjing to his “Land of Dragons†Beijing. His main reason for relocating to Beijing was due to the superiority of Beijing’s “Left-to-the-Land Bohai Sea, Right-Held Taihang, Nanzhaoheji, North Pillow Juyongâ€, “No More than 100 Passesâ€, and “Good Faithfulness in Convenient Transportation and Tianjin-based Shippingâ€. Location. In addition, it is to control the north and northeast regions so as to maintain the country's stability. Thus, in the fourth year of Yongle (1406), Zhu Xi dispatched the minister to go to the local people's governors to collect logs, burned bricks and tiles, and enlisted local craftsmen, sergeants, and migrant workers to start preparations for the construction of Beijing. In the fifteenth year of Yongle (1417), the large-scale construction of Beijing was officially started. It was completed in Yongle eighteen years (1420). In the nineteenth year of Yongle (1421), Zhu Xi was officially transferred to Beijing. Ming Beijing City is based on the capital city of Yuan Dynasty. It draws on the advantages of the ancient capital city planning and refers to Nanjing's regulations and construction. "Where temples, suburbs, mandala, palaces, (gates), regulations, such as Nanjing." In fact, the new palaces in Beijing are more magnificent than those in Nanjing. It is surrounded by the inner city south of the city, the inner city wrapped in the Imperial City, the Imperial City and the Forbidden City, the city formed a "convex" shape. The inner city was basically taken away from the old capital of Yuan, and the northern wall moved five miles southwards at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty. So far, Deshengmen Gate and Anding Gate lined up, and then Nancheng Wall moved forward to Zhengyangmen Line. There are nine gates in the inner city and Zhengyang Gate in the south (that is, the main gate of the Yuan Dynasty). There are six gates in the center of the Imperial City: Dong'an in the east, Xi'an in the west, Bei'an in the north, and Daming Gate in the south of the square. , Cheng Tianmen left Changan left door, right Changan right door. Miyagi, also known as the Forbidden City, is the core of Beijing City. There are four gates: the south is the Meridian Gate, the north is the Xuanwu Gate, the east is the Donghua Gate, and the west is the Xihua Gate. As the South City Wall expands southwards, the Imperial City and the Forbidden City also move southward. The Imperial City moves south to the north of Chang'an Avenue. The Imperial City’s Zhongmen was renamed Cheng Tian Men (now An Men) according to the name of Ming Nanjing City, and Cheng Tian Men built the side gates following the layout of Nanjing City. Miyagi moved south to the position of the Forbidden City and the main entrance was renamed the Meridian Gate from the Yuan Xing Gate of the Yuan Dynasty. At the same time as the Forbidden City was built, both the right and left sides of the center Yuchka in front of the Meridian Gate were used, and two strictly symmetric architectural complexes of the Taimiao and Sagitan altars were constructed in accordance with the regulations of Zuzuzu Right Society. In addition, a “Tâ€-shaped palace square was opened in front of Chengtianmen (the Qing Dynasty was renamed Tiananmen Square). On the east, west, and south sides of the square, palace walls were built to make the square closed and project at the east and west wings and the south end. On the one hand, each one opens the door of Chang'an Left Gate, Chang'an Right Gate, and Daming Gate in the south (renamed Daqing Gate in the Qing Dynasty). Cheng Tian Men is an important building in the Imperial City. In the 18th year of Yongle (1420), Cheng Tianmen was only a three-story five-story wooden archway in the Yellow Wing Fei. The plaque was hung in the middle of the "Cheng Tian Zhi Men" plaque. Chengtianzhimen has the meaning of “carrying on heaven†and “commanding on the heavens.†It means that the feudal emperor was “accepted by the heavens.†He should exercise power for the heavens, and he should be honoured by all ages. Tomorrow Shun first year (1457), Cheng Tianmen was struck by lightning and was destroyed by fire. At that time, he was unable to recover immediately. It was not until the first year of Chenghua (1465) that he was reconstructed by the Ministry of Industry Shang Shu Bai Gui. This reconstruction laid the foundation for today's Tiananmen Square. Since then, during the 180 years of the Ming Dynasty, no major changes were made despite the construction. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng led a peasant rebel army to capture the capital, and Cheng Tianmen was destroyed in the war. In the 8th year of the Qing/Lunar Warlord (1651), the Qing Dynasty Zu Fulin ordered a large-scale reconstruction and renamed Cheng Tian Men as "Tiananmen." Later, during the twenty-seventh year of Kangxi (1688) and two large-scale repairs in 1952, the restoration in 1970 basically maintained the form of reconstruction during the Shunzhi period. Tiananmen Square was 83 centimeters taller than the original Tiananmen Square and was 34.7 meters (original height was 33.87 meters). As we can see from the history of the ancient architecture of Tiananmen for more than 500 years, Tiananmen Square is a symbol of the long history of Chinese civilization and a historical witness that witnessed the rise and fall of the feudal dynasty. 2 And 3 Seater Sofas,3 Seater Fabric Sofa,Modern 3 Seater Fabric Sof,Multiple Seaters Sofas INCHEE FURNITURE CO.,LTD , https://www.incheecasa.com
Tiananmen Square Map
New Edition-- Tiananmen map