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The import of such a large amount of mineral products not only consumes a large amount of foreign exchange, but also the smelting process of these mineral products has caused great pollution to the environment. In order to reduce the dependence on ore smelting and reduce the environmental pollution caused by metal smelting, some developed countries and regions have begun to focus on the sustainable use of resources, namely secondary smelting of scrap metal. At present, 45% of global steel production is achieved through the smelting of scrap, and 40% of global copper production is achieved through the smelting of scrap copper. Facts have proved that: Compared with the smelting of traditional ores, the smelting process of scrap steel can save 74% of energy and reduce air pollution by 86%; the smelting of scrap copper can save 85% of energy; the smelting of scrap aluminum can reduce 95% % of energy consumption; scrap lead smelting can reduce energy consumption by 65%.
China is still in the initial stage of exploring the secondary smelting of scrap metal, and the market space is very broad. In 2002, China's steel production reached more than 180 million tons, of which only 15% to 20% were produced using scrap steel; in the annual output composition of non-ferrous metals in China, only 25% was recycled non-ferrous metals.
As China is in the early stage of industrialization, the amount of metal in the society is very small and it cannot meet the demand for scrap metals. This trend will continue for many years. Therefore, we must import scrap metal. In 2002, China’s scrap imports reached 7.85 million. More tons, non-ferrous metal scrap imports also reached more than 250 million tons. However, the import of scrap metal needs to be managed, otherwise it will bring a new burden on our environment. In previous years, we discovered the problem of excessive radioactive emissions and inclusions of explosives from scrap metals imported from Central Asia. The electronic waste products eliminated by developed countries have brought about many ecological problems. In order to prevent the negative impact of the import of waste materials on the environment, China has basically formed a relatively complete system of environmental protection regulations for imported waste.
The secondary smelting prospects of scrap metal are bright
In recent years, due to factors such as the favorable momentum of China's overall economic growth and the accelerated transfer of global manufacturing to China, and the acceleration of domestic industrialization, the national economy has maintained growth at an unprecedented rate. Metallurgy, as a basic industry in all sectors of the national economy, must inevitably ensure the corresponding rate of development in order to meet the huge demand for national economic construction. However, China is also a relatively resource-poor country. In order to protect the growing demand for industrialization, raw materials for the metallurgical industry in China have to rely heavily on imports. According to the statistical data of the metallurgical raw materials imported by the China Metallurgical Industry Sub-Commission in 2002, the country imported more than 110 million tons of iron ore in 2002. China's self-sufficiency in copper resources is less than 50%, and half of the copper resources need to be imported. In addition, with the development of the aluminum industry, a large amount of alumina needs to be imported every year, and the import volume is increasing year by year.